Part of keeping the money supply at the right level involves the Fed monitoring the paper money that enters circulation and recycling cash that leaves it.
If they tried to include the work that moms and dads do at home, national income accounting statisticians would have a tough time quantifying unpaid work.
Because free shipping creates pressure on retailers to send parcels more cheaply, UPS has had to lower costs by increasing processing productivity.
Since gasoline prices vary in the U.S. because of different state taxes and wholesale crude, the impact on consumption expenditures also is different.
Including congestion, wasted gas, time and emissions, cheap parking creates negative externalities that variable pricing of parking spaces can eliminate.
In a store or restaurant, music tempo is an atmospheric tool that firms engaging in monopolistic competition can use to increase customer spending and time.
Rather than saving during tough economic times, the Russians are spending because the ruble is displaying fewer characteristics of money.
